When organizations think about cybersecurity, the focus is usually on computers, servers, and networks. However, two common office devices often go unnoticed—printers and fax machines. If left unsecured, these devices can create a backdoor for cybercriminals to access sensitive data and infiltrate your environment.
Why Are Printers and Fax Machines at Risk?
Although printers and fax machines may seem harmless, modern versions are essentially small computers connected to your office network and, in many cases, the internet. This connectivity makes them a potential entry point for attackers. Once compromised, cybercriminals can exploit these devices to move deeper into your systems—or they may not need to at all. Sensitive documents left in printer trays or fraudulent faxes can expose confidential information without ever touching your network.
Real-World Examples of Abuse
Attackers have already demonstrated how these devices can be misused. One common tactic involves sending fake legal documents by fax. These messages often appear to come from legitimate law firms and claim the recipient is entitled to a large payout. To collect, victims are asked to share banking details or pay an upfront fee. Scammers frequently use the names of real attorneys to appear credible, but the contact numbers and web links included in the fax lead straight back to the criminals. Providing information or money in these cases results in financial loss and stolen data.
How to Protect Your Organization
To reduce your exposure to printer and fax–related threats, consider the following best practices:
Verify before responding. If you receive an unexpected fax, email, or print communication, confirm its legitimacy through a trusted contact method—not the details provided in the message.
Pause before acting. Never send sensitive information or payments until you are confident the request is genuine.
Limit connectivity. Avoid connecting printers and fax machines directly to your network if it’s not necessary. Fewer connections mean fewer opportunities for attack.
Apply updates regularly. Keep device firmware and software up to date to close security gaps.
Secure physical documents. Check output trays frequently and remove sensitive papers immediately to prevent unauthorized access.
Key Takeaway: Printers and fax machines may not be the first devices that come to mind when considering cybersecurity, but they are far from risk-free. By recognizing their vulnerabilities and applying smart security practices, organizations can close this often-overlooked gap in their defenses.